Pump or motor



PUMP OR MOTOR Filed July 18, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VE N TOR Z 7 ZZ77A Bea LL '11,

A TTORNE Y5 Patented July 14, 1925.

STATES;

PATENT em-CE.

FRANK REAUGH; 01 OAK CLIIFE TEXAS;

PUMP a Monroe.

Application filed m 18, 1923. Serial no. 652,227.

To all whom conceal.-

Be it known that l, FRANK REAUGH', a citizen of the United States, and resident of Oak Cliff, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Punips or Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that type of machine is which a rotarvmovement of the operating parts is caused by or causes a positive movement of the fluid, as for instance in a motor or pump. The machine may be driven from outside power and transfer .a fluid, as in a vacuum pump, compressor,

" blower. or fluid propelling apparatus, or it may receive the fluid under pressure and be driven thereby so as to serve as a prime mover or motor, the motive fluid being gas, steam water or other medium.

Inmy improved construction. a plurality of piston members aremounted on a rotor so 'as to rotateabout their own individual axes, as well as being carr'ied bodilyv around the axis of the rotor.

fine important feature of my improved contra tion is the elimination of the core or other stationary or rotating central part around which the pistons or blades revolve. I accomplish this by employing two pistons each of which has its working sur'facesgenerated by the arc of a circle whoseradius is equal to the diameter of the disk circle upon which the movement operates. v

As another feature I make the pistons of such proportions and 'so positioned in respect to each other that one-half the stun of the length and thickness of a piston member is equal to the dianieter of the circle in which the axes of the pistons travel.

As another distinguishing feature, the pistons which rotate about their own axes in a rotor which carries said pistons bodily about its axis, as in my prior Patent 1,101,329, are so designed as to be continuously in contact with each other, the contact being a sliding rather than a rolling one. i

In the accompanying drawings Ihave illustrated one, embodiment of my invention. In these drawings: I h

Fig. is a central longitudinal section, said section being taken substantially onthe line 1-1 of Fig. .4. p

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are vertical transverse sections on the lines 2 2, 3- 3, and M respectively of Fig. 1', and I I 5 1:0 9" inclusive are viewssnni'lar to a portionof Fig. 4', but showing diagram mati'cal'ly successive positions taken by the rotor during the rotation thereof. 7

In the construction illustrated the rotor includes a pair of disks 1O spaced in axial alignment and rigidly connected. by a pair of frame members 11 .s 'ibstantially triangu- Iar in cross-section. The two disks serve-to s'ili'pport two pistons 12 which have oppositely projecting shaft parts13 journaled in the two disks to permit rotation of the pistons about axes parallel to the common axis of the two disks," which is the axis of the rotor. The two frame" members, 11 are each substantially triangular in cross section, and are disposedupon diametrically opposite sides of the axis ot the rotor. The two pistons are also disposed upon diametrically opposite sides of the axis of the rotor, and midway between the two" frame members 11. The two frame membershave their outer surfaces in arcs of the same circle whose center is coincident with that of the axis of the rotor. Each-frame member has two inwardly facing curved faces i-ntersecting at an angle and'in the arcs ofoircles of the same diameter. and whose centers are coincident with the axes of the pistons.

Each .1 "ston has two opposite curved working faces intersecting" at the ends of the piston. and in the arcs of circles having the same radii. The radii'is of curvature of both workine' surfaces of both pistons is exactly equal to the distance between the axes of the two pistons. Also the sum'of one-half the maximum radius of the piston and one-half the minimum radius is equal to this same distance between the axis of the two pistons. From the foregoingit use essarily follows that each piston as it rotate's will have its endsmove in sliding contact with the inner surface of the two frame members 11, and that by properly controlling the movement of the two pistons they maybe kept in contact with each other at all times during their simultaneous rotation about their respective axes. As a preferred means of efi'ecting the rotation of the pistons and properly timing such rotation in respect tothe rotation of the rotor, I provide gearing shown particularly in Figs. 1, 2 and p 3. One of the disks forming one end of the rotor is provided with a shaft 14 extending outwardly from the outer surface thereof The shafts 13 of the pistons projecttlireugh" the same dish,- and their outer ends are provided with pinions 15. These pinions both mesh with a pinion 16 which is mounted on but rotatable in respect to the shaft 14. The pinion 16 is rigidly connected to a pinion 17 and the latter meshes with a pinion 18 on a shaft 19 mounted in stationary bearings. The shaft 19 carries a pinion 20 which meshes with a pinion21 which is keyed or otherwise rigidly secured to the shaft 14. The pinion 21 is larger than the pinion 20, and the pinion 18 is larger than'the pinion .17. As the pinion 21 is positively rotated with the shaft, it turns the pinion 20 at higher angular velocity and the pinion 18 which is rigid with the pinion 20, turns the pinion 17 at still higher angular velocity. Thus the pinion 16 which is rigid with the pinion 17, turns in the same direction as the rotor, but at higher speed, and the pistons are rotated on'their axes in the reverse direction. The relative pitch diameters of the several pinions is suchthat the speed of rotation of the pinions in the rotor and about their own axes is one-half that of the rotor and in the reverse direction, but the net effect is that. the pistons rotate inthe same direction as the rotor, but at a half speed, when considered in respect to a fixed point. In other words, during a complete revolution of the rotor each piston will rotate in the rotor through 180 about its own individual axis.

The rotor may be mounted in a suitable casing having casing wall parts for engaging with the peripheries of the disks, and with the other rotor parts between an inlet and an outlet. As shown, the casing includes a pair of end casing sections 22 and 23 each having circular apertures receiving the corresponding rotor disk 10 and engaging with the periphery of the latter. .The engagement between the periphery of each disk and the casing is provided with packing or is otherwise formed to prevent leakage. The casing section 22 has an end wall portion 24 spaced from the outer surface of the corresponding disk 10 and providing a journal for the shaft 25 rigidly connected to said disk 10. This shaft may serve as the main drive or driven shaft of the apparatus, or the shaft may be omitted and the shaft 14 at the other end serve this purpose. The opposite end casing section 28 forms a housing for the gearing, and has a transverse partition or flange 26 having journals for the shafts 14k and 19. The outer end wall 27 may be detachable and may also have a second journal for the shaft 14. The various bearings may be lubricated in any suitable manner, as for instance by the delivery of oil through a central passage in the shaft 14:, and from this shaft through radial passages to the bearings of the several gears and other rotating parts. Between the two end casing, sections 22 and 23 there is provided a peripheral casing section 28 encircling the rotor, and having ports 29 and 30 serving as inlet and exhaust ports. The direction of rotation of the rotor will determine which port serves as the inlet and which as the outlet.

The peripheral casing is eccentric in respect, tothe axis of the rotor. The surface 31 at one side of the rotor is theoretically a portion of a limacon curve, and its maximum distance from the axis of the rotor is equal to the maximum radius of the piston plus the radius of the circle in which the axis of the piston travels. In practice this curve may be made a true circle with a radius slightly smaller than the maximum distance above referred to, and having its center eccentric to that of the rotor and to the proper distance toward said surface from said rotor axis. In fact, the inner surface of the entire casing section 28 may be machined as a true circle, and a filler or liner piece 82 inserted diametrically opposite to the surface 31 and having its outer surface in the same circle as the surface 31, and the major portion of its inner surface in the circle of the outer surface of the rotor frame members 11.'

By thus constructing the parts, all surfaces ofthe casing may be made either plane 'or arcs of true circles, and the same applies to all portions of the several parts of the rotor. The machining operations are thus comparatively simple and very much less expensive than that involved in machining curved surfaces other than arcs of circles. i

In Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive I have illustrated five of the successive positions which the parts take during a half revolution of the rotor. It will be noted that the pistons are always in contact with each other, and that one or the other is always in contact with the surface 31. Also, the liner member 82 is always in contact with either a piston or a frame member 11 of the rotor, and that the frame members 11 never engage with the surface 31. The rotor is shown as turning in a clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 5 through the successive positions illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive, and it will be noted that each piston also rotates about. its own axis in a clockwise direction inrespect to a fixed point, and at one-half the angular velocity of the rotor.

In designing an apparatus, any given dimension may be selected, as for instance, the desired distance between the axes of the pistons, this dimension will also be the radiusof curvature of the sides of the pistons. The square root of one-half the square of that dimension will give the maximum radius of the iston and said dimension minus the maximum radius will give the minimum radius of the piston. The center of curvature of the surface 31 of the casing will be oliset from the center of the rotor to a distance about equal to one-half the niinimuin radius of a piston.

.f-hltholrgh the gem-mg shown is a siin'p'le and efiicient means for imparting to the 191s tons the desired movement during the rotation of the rotor, or imparting rotation to the rotor by fluid pressure on thepistons, it will be apparent that other forms of gearmg or other means might be employed for securing this result. For instance, I may employ cam means of the same general character as that shown in my prior Patent 1,101,329, but of appropriate design to give the desired piston rotation.

I Having thus described my invention, hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part and a pair of piston members having their ax'e's carried thereby, said members being bodily movable around the axis of the rotor rotatable amulet-namely on their own respective axes, and maintained constantly in contact With each other. 3

2. A rotor" constructed as defined in claim 1, in which the pistons are caused to turn about their axes in the rotor at one-half the angular Velocity of the rotor itself.

A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part and a pair of piston members haying their axes carried thereby in diametrically o'pposite 15bs'itions in respect to the axis of the rotor, said piston members being bodily movable around the axis" of the rotor and rotatable siniiiltaneoi'isly in the reverse direction about their own respectivejaxes in the rotor, and having constant sliding contact With each other. a V

4:. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including" a rotatable part, a pair of piston members having their axes carried thereby, said .nrembers being bodily movable around the axis of the rotor and rotatable simultaneously in the reverse direction about their own axes, and intermediate members each having the two acent portions of their inner surfaces intersecting at an angle, and disposed in the arcs of circles hating the axes of the pistons as centers.

I 5. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part. a pa'ir ot piston members having their axes carried thereby, said members being bodily motable around the axis of the rotor and rotatable simultaneously aboi'it their own axes, and intermediate members each having the two adjacent portions of theirinner surfaces intersecting at an angle, and disposed in the arcs of ciicles haying the axes of the pistons as centers, I

b; A; rote-r for iiretoi's arid-the tia llyi triangular in cross-section[and dis posed at diametricallyopposite points, and

'midw'ay between said piston members;

7. rotor for pumps motors and the like, including a rotatable part; a pair of: piston iii-enrb ers having their ates carried thereby, said members being bodily movable around the axes of the rotor, and rotatable simultaneously about their" ottii respective aites', the axes off said rotors being parallel to that of the rotor'afid in diametrically opposite positions, and a pair of rotor frame menibers substantially triangular in crosssection, and each hayingits two inner inter-- se'cting' surfacesjn the arcs of circles hav m the axes of the pigtails sweaters aim of the same radius as t 'e maximumradius of said pistons. s y

8. A rotorv for pi iiiips, motors the like, including a rotatable part, a pair of piston members having their" aXescari'ied thereby, said members beingbodily movable around the axis of the rotor and rotatable simultaneously about their ewe respective axes, the axes of said rotors being parand to that of the rotor and in diametrically opposite positions, the distance be tween the axes; of the pistons being equal to one-half of the maximum radius pliis one-half the minimum radius of. a piston.

9 A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part, a pair of piston members hai ing their axes carried thereby, saidfinembers being bodily new able around the axis of the rotor and rotatable simultaneousl about their own respectiife axes, the axes of said rotors being parallel to that of tliefrotor and in diametri Cally opposite positions, thepistons being of such size and shape that they are continuously in contact with each other.

10. A rotor for pumps; ,motors and the like, including a rotatable part, a pair of piston members haying their axes carried thereby, said members being bodily movable around the aids of the rotor and rotatable simultaneously about their Own respective axes, the axes of said rotors being parallel to that of the rotor and in diametrically opposite positions, the pistons being symmetrical and each havii'ig its opposite Working surfaces in the arcs ofinter'secting circles the radii of which are equal to the distance between the axes of the pistons.

M11. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including arotatable part, a pair of piston members having their axes carried meat sai members being bodily movable arouiid tlie aztis of the fdtor arid rotatable simultaneously about their own respective axes, the axes of said rotors being parallel to that of the rotor and in diametrically opposite positions, the distance be? tween the axes of the pistons being equal to one-half of the maximum radius plus one-half of the minimum radius of a piston, and substantially triangular frame members disposed at diametrically opposite points between said pistons, and each having a pair of intersecting inner surfaces with which the portions of the pistonsof maximum radius engage.

12. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part, a pair of 7 piston members having their axes carried thereby, said members being bodily movable around the axis of the rotorrana rotatable simultaneously about their own respective axes, the axes of said rotors being parallel to that of the rotor and in diametrically opposite positions, the pistons being of such size and shape that they are continuously in contact with each other, and substantially triangular frame members disposed at diametrically opposite points between said pistons, and each having a pair of intersecting inner surfaces with which the portions of the pistons of maximum radius engage.

13. A rotor for pumps, motors and the like, including a rotatable part, a pair of piston members having their axes carried thereby, said members being bodily movable around the axis of the rotor and rotatable simultaneously about their own respective axes, the axes of said rotors being parallel to that of the rotor and in diametrically opposite positions, the pistons being symmetrical and each having its opposite working surfaces in the arcs of intersecting circles, the radii of which are equal to the distance between the axes of the pistons, and substantially triangular frame members disposed at diametrically opposite points between said pistons, and each having a pair of intersecting inner surfaces with which the portions of the pistons of maximum radius engage.

14. A pump, or motor, including a casing having an inlet, an outlet, and a pcripheral wall portion, and a rotor eccentrically mounted within said casing and havingtriangular frame parts adapted to engage with the casing wall nearest the axis of the rotor and pistons rotatable about their own axes in the rotor and adapted to engage with the casing wall and with said frame parts.

15. A pump or motor, including a casing having an inlet, an outlet, a rotor eccentrically mounted within the casingand having pistons bodily carried thereby and rotatable simultaneously about their respective axes in the rotor,and triangular frame axis of the rotor, gearing between said shaft and said rotor, and gearing between said shaft andsaid pistons for imparting to the latter rotation about their respective axes during the rotation of the rotor. Y

17. A pump or motor constructed as defined in claim 16, in which the gearing is so proportioned that the pistons rotate about their axes in the rotor at one-half the an gular velocity of the rotor itself about its axis.

18. A pump or motor constructed as defined in claim 16, in which'the gearing is so proportioned that the pistons rotate about their axes in the rotor at one-half the angular velocityof the rotor itself about its axis, and in the opposite direction;

19. A pump or motor including a casing having inlet and outlet ports, a rotor mountedto revolve within the casing, pistons carried bodily by said rotor, a pinion connected to saidrotor, a gear member coaxial with said rotor and rotatable in respect thereto, an auxiliary shaft having two pinions, one meshing with the first mentioned pinionand the other'meshing with said gear-member, and each of said pistons having pinions meshingwith said gear member, whereby said pinionsrare rotated about their own axes during their bodily movement about the axis of the rotor.

' 20. A pump'or motor constructed as defined in claim 19, in which the relative sizes of the pinions are such that the direction of rotation of the pistons in the rotor is opposite to that of the direction of rotation of the rotor itself.

21. A pu mp or motor constructed as defined in claim 19, in which the relative sizes of the pinions are such that the direction of rotation of the pistons in the rotor is opposite to that of the direction of rotationof the rotor itself, and the speed of rotation of the pinions is equal to onehalf that of the rotor.

'22. A pumpor motor having a casing a rotor eccentrically mounted therein and having a pairof pistons rotatable about their respective axes in the rotor, the axes of the pistons being upon opposite sides of the axis of the rotor and the pistons having their opposite working faces the arts of intersecting circles whose radii. are equalto the distance between the axes of the pistons, said casing having an inlet, an outlet, a wall part between the inlet and outlet on one side spaced from the axis of the rotor to a distance approximately equal to half the distance between the axes of the pistons plus half the minimum radius of a piston, and a wall part diametrically oppoosite to the first mentioned wall part and.

spaced from the axis of the rotor to a dis- 10 tance substantially equal to one-half the distance between the axes of the pistons plus one-half the maximum radius of a piston.

Signed at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas this eleventh day of July A. D. 1923.

FRANK REAUGH. 

